WorldHappinessReport2019
OpenML dataset with id 43315
Author name not available (Why is that?)
Full work available at URL: https://api.openml.org/data/v1/download/22102140/WorldHappinessReport2019.arff
Upload date: 23 March 2022
Dataset Characteristics
Number of features: 13 (numeric: 12, symbolic: 0 and in total binary: 0 )
Number of instances: 1,038
Number of instances with missing values: 2
Number of missing values: 7
ThedatahasbeenreleasedbySDSNandextractedbyPromptCloudscustomwebcrawlingsolutionContextTheWorldHappinessReportisalandmarksurveyofthestateofglobalhappinessthatranks156countriesbyhowhappytheircitizensperceivethemselvestobeThisyearsWorldHappinessReportfocusesonhappinessandthecommunityhowhappinesshasevolvedoverthepastdozenyearswithafocusonthetechnologiessocialnormsconflictsandgovernmentpoliciesthathavedriventhosechangesContentWhatisDystopiaDystopiaisanimaginarycountrythathastheworldsleasthappypeopleThepurposeinestablishingDystopiaistohaveabenchmarkagainstwhichallcountriescanbefavorablycomparednocountryperformsmorepoorlythanDystopiaintermsofeachofthesixkeyvariablesthusallowingeachsubbartobeofpositiveorzeroinsixinstanceswidthThelowestscoresobservedforthesixkeyvariablesthereforecharacterizeDystopiaSincelifewouldbeveryunpleasantinacountrywiththeworldslowestincomeslowestlifeexpectancylowestgenerositymostcorruptionleastfreedomandleastsocialsupportitisreferredtoasDystopiaincontrasttoUtopiaWhataretheresidualsTheresidualsorunexplainedcomponentsdifferforeachcountryreflectingtheextenttowhichthesixvariableseitheroverorunderexplainaverage20162018lifeevaluationsTheseresidualshaveanaveragevalueofapproximatelyzerooverthewholesetofcountriesFigure27showstheaverageresidualforeachcountryiftheequationinTable21isappliedtoaverage20162018dataforthesixvariablesinthatcountryWecombinetheseresidualswiththeestimateforlifeevaluationsinDystopiasothatthecombinedbarwillalwayshavepositivevaluesAscanbeseeninFigure27althoughsomelifeevaluationresidualsarequitelargeoccasionallyexceedingonepointonthescalefrom0to10theyarealwaysmuchsmallerthanthecalculatedvalueinDystopiawheretheaveragelifeisratedat188onthe0to10scaleTable7oftheonlineStatisticalAppendix1forChapter2putstheDystopiaplusresidualblockattheleftsideandalsodrawstheDystopialinemakingiteasytocomparethesignsandsizesoftheresidualsindifferentcountriesWhydoweusethesesixfactorstoexplainlifeevaluationsThevariablesusedreflectwhathasbeenbroadlyfoundintheresearchliteraturetobeimportantinexplainingnationalleveldifferencesinlifeevaluationsSomeimportantvariablessuchasunemploymentorinequalitydonotappearbecausecomparableinternationaldataarenotyetavailableforthefullsampleofcountriesThevariablesareintendedtoillustrateimportantlinesofcorrelationratherthantoreflectcleancausalestimatessincesomeofthedataaredrawnfromthesamesurveysourcessomearecorrelatedwitheachotherorwithotherimportantfactorsforwhichwedonothavemeasuresandinseveralinstancestherearelikelytobetwowayrelationsbetweenlifeevaluationsandthechosenvariablesforexamplehealthypeopleareoverallhappierbutasChapter4intheWorldHappinessReport2013demonstratedhappierpeopleareoverallhealthierInStatisticalAppendix1ofWorldHappinessReport2018weassessedthepossibleimportanceofusingexplanatorydatafromthesamepeoplewhoselifeevaluationsarebeingexplainedWedidthisbyrandomlydividingthesamplesintotwogroupsandusingtheaveragevaluesforegfreedomgleanedfromonegrouptoexplainthelifeevaluationsoftheothergroupThisloweredtheeffectsbutonlyveryslightlyeg2to3assuringusthatusingdatafromthesameindividualsisnotseriouslyaffectingtheresultsDatasourcehttpworldhappinessreported2019MoresuchdatasetscanbedownloadedfromDataStock
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