Precursor heating and acceleration by Langmuir waves: The type II Supernova case (Q1075878)

The effect of shock wave propagation is investigated with respect to precursor heating and acceleration, upstream, with the aim of explaining Supernova observations. A model is presented, where two different sources of Langmuir waves produce upstream heating and acceleration: (1) Langmuir waves excited by resonance beam particles that are accelerated through the shock front by \textit{A. R. Bell}'s mechanism [(*) e.g.: Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 182, 443-456 (1978)]; and (2) Langmuir waves, created in the post-shock turbulent zone. The most important processes considered in the calculations are: (1) the ''heating efficiency'' of beam particles of different velocity; (2) Bell's acceleration efficiency (*); (3) the spectrum of Langmuir waves created in a turbulent regime; (4) the effects of density, and of the density gradient in the medium, where the shock propagates.