Quadratic shape functions in variational finite element approach to heat distribution in cutaneous and subcutaneous tissues (Q1091296)

The variational finite element method with quadratic shape functions has been used for a three layered steady state heat distribution problem in SST (skin and subcutaneous tissues) region. These shape functions ensure continuity of heat flux at the interfaces and provide better approximation to the exact solution. Each natural layer has been taken as an element having its own biophysical properties. The outer surface is exposed to the atmosphere and has sweat evaporation alongwith convection and radiation of heat. Perspiration rate and atmospheric changes in temperature have also been taken into account.