Finite-element analysis of flows of non-Newtonian fluids in three- dimensional enclosures (Q1188184)

A finite-element model based on the penalty function formulation of the Navier-Stokes equations governing flows of unsteady, incompressible, non- isothermal, non-Newtonian fluids in three-dimensional enclosures is presented. Power-law and Carreau constitutive relations are used, and the viscosity is assumed to be temperature dependent. The resulting non- linear equations are solved by Picard's method (i.e. direct iteration). The finite-element model is used to analyze several problems, such as flows through circular pipe, cubical cavity, and tubular and square contractions.