Cylindrical smoothed particle hydrodynamics (Q1316038)

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) is formulated in two-dimensional axisymmetric coordinates. Starting with a three-dimensional Cartesian representation of SPH, we integrate out the angular component and find a two-dimensional cylindrical description. A smoothed ``particle'' in this formulation becomes a smoothed ``torus''. The hoop stress, resulting from interactions within the toroidal ring, is a natural consequence of the derivation. The formulation has been extended to include the entire stress tensor, not just the pressure, and is therefore applicable to a wide range of materials and flow speeds.