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On the relation between the existence of the limit \(\lim_{\varDelta x=0}\;\frac{\varDelta^2f(x)}{\varDelta x^2}\) and the continuity of the function \(f(x)\). - MaRDI portal

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On the relation between the existence of the limit \(\lim_{\varDelta x=0}\;\frac{\varDelta^2f(x)}{\varDelta x^2}\) and the continuity of the function \(f(x)\). (Q1473206)

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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2616378
Language Label Description Also known as
English
On the relation between the existence of the limit \(\lim_{\varDelta x=0}\;\frac{\varDelta^2f(x)}{\varDelta x^2}\) and the continuity of the function \(f(x)\).
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2616378

    Statements

    On the relation between the existence of the limit \(\lim_{\varDelta x=0}\;\frac{\varDelta^2f(x)}{\varDelta x^2}\) and the continuity of the function \(f(x)\). (English)
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    1915
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    Der Grenzwert \[ (1)\quad \lim_{\varDelta x=0}\;\frac{f(x+2\varDelta x)- 2f(x+\varDelta x)+f(x)}{\varDelta x^2} \] kann existieren, ohne daß die Funktion \(f(x)\) stetig wäre. Es gibt sogar Funktionen, für die dieser Grenzwert stets Null ist, und die dennoch überall unstetig sind. Es sind dies die von \textit{Hamel} (Math. Ann. \textit{60}, 459, 1905) konstruierten Funktionen, die die Funktionalgleichung \[ (2)\quad f(x+y)=f(x)+f(y) \] erfüllen. Ist aber \(f(x)\) \textit{beschränkt}, dann folgt aus der Existenz von (1) die Stetigkeit. Fraglich bleibt, ob die Existenz von \(\lim_{\varDelta x=0}\,\frac{\varDelta^3f(x)}{\varDelta x^3}\) für beschränkte Funktionen die Stetigkeit nach sich zieht. Aus der Existenz von \(\lim_{\varDelta x=0}\, \frac{\varDelta^nf(x)}{\varDelta x^n}\) für beliebiges \(n\) folgt noch nicht die Stetigkeit von \(f(x)\).
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