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Expansion of \(\sin x\) and \(\cos x\) in an infinite series by elementary means. - MaRDI portal

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Expansion of \(\sin x\) and \(\cos x\) in an infinite series by elementary means. (Q1524909)

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scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2678520
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English
Expansion of \(\sin x\) and \(\cos x\) in an infinite series by elementary means.
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 2678520

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    Expansion of \(\sin x\) and \(\cos x\) in an infinite series by elementary means. (English)
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    1895
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    Aus der Gleichung \[ f(x+y) + f(x-y) = 2f(x)f(y) \] wird \(f(0)=1\), \(f(y)=f(-y)\) gefolgert; die Voraussetzung von der Entwickelbarkeit von \(f(x)\) in eine im Intervall \(-R<x<R\) convergente Reihe führt zu der Formel: \[ f(x) = 1 + a_2x^2 + \frac{(2a_2)^2}{4!}x^4 +\cdots+ \frac{(2a_2)^n}{2n!}x^{2n} +\cdots; \] durch die Substitutionen: \[ 2a_2 = -\mu,\quad x = \frac y{\lambda},\quad \frac{\mu}{\lambda^2} = \varrho, \] und unter Benutzung des von Cauchy bewiesenen Satzes, dass \(f(x)=\cos\lambda x\) ist, geht hieraus die Reihe \[ \cos y = 1 - \frac{\varrho}{2!}y^2 + \varrho^2\frac{y^4}{4!} +\cdots \] und schliesslich die bekannte Reihe hervor, nachdem im Intervall \(0<y<\frac{\pi}2\) aus der Formel \(\lim\limits_{x=0}\frac{\sin x}x=1\) sich \(\varrho=1\) ergeben hat. Daran schliesst sich die Entwickelung von \(\sin x\).
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    Trigonometric functions
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