Optimal control of a spatio-temporal model for malaria: synergy treatment and prevention (Q1760868)

Summary: We propose a metapopulation model for malaria with two control variables, treatment and prevention, distributed between \(n\) different patches (localities). Malaria spreads between these localities through human travels. We used the theory of optimal control and applied a mathematical model for three connected patches. From previous studies with the same data, two patches were identified as reservoirs of malaria infection, namely, the patches that sustain malaria epidemic in the other patches. We argue that to reduce the number of infections and semi-immunes (i.e., asymptomatic carriers of parasites) in overall populations, two considerations are needed: (a) For the reservoir patches, we need to apply both treatment and prevention to reduce the number of infections and to reduce the number of semi-immunes; neither the treatment nor prevention were specified at the beginning of the control application, except prevention that seems to be effective at the end. (b) For unreservoir patches, we should apply the treatment to reduce the number of infections, and the same strategy should be applied to semi-immunes as in (a).