A test model for fluctuation-dissipation theorems with time-periodic statistics (Q1957115)

This paper presents a simple yet very rich triad test model with both periodic deterministic forcing and stochasting forcing as a test bed for time-periodic fluctuation-dissipation theorems. The model consisting of one real mode \(u_1\) and one complex mode \(u_2\) that interacts through catalytic nonlinear coupling. This test model is motivated by the interaction of a barotropic or baroclinic Rossby wave on a sphere represented by the mode \(u_2\) with a strong zonal wind represented by mode \(u_1\).