Modeling and control of the public opinion: an agree-disagree opinion model (Q2026251)

Summary: In this paper, we aim to investigate optimal control to a new mathematical model that describes agree-disagree opinions during polls, which we presented and analyzed in \textit{S. Bidah} et al. [Int. J. Differ. Equ. 2020, Article ID 5051248, 14 p. (2020; Zbl 1469.91043)]. We first present the model and recall its different compartments. We formulate the optimal control problem by supplementing our model with a objective functional. Optimal control strategies are proposed to reduce the number of disagreeing people and the cost of interventions. We prove the existence of solutions to the control problem, we employ Pontryagin's maximum principle to find the necessary conditions for the existence of the optimal controls, and Runge-Kutta forward-backward sweep numerical approximation method is used to solve the optimal control system, and we perform numerical simulations using various initial conditions and parameters to investigate several scenarios. Finally, a global sensitivity analysis is carried out based on the partial rank correlation coefficient method and the Latin hypercube sampling to study the influence of various parameters on the objective functional and to identify the most influential parameters.