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The numerical solution of a type of equation. - MaRDI portal

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The numerical solution of a type of equation. (Q2585398)

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The numerical solution of a type of equation.
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    The numerical solution of a type of equation. (English)
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    1941
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    Schreibt man die Wurzeln der Gleichung \[ \text{tang } x=x \tag{1} \] in der Form \[ x_n=(n+\tfrac{1}{2}) \pi-\beta_n, \tag{2} \] so folgt aus (1) für \(\beta_n\) die Beziehung \[ \frac{1}{\sin \,2\beta_n}=\frac{2n+1}{4} \pi+\frac{1}{2} (\text{tang } \beta_n-\beta_n), \tag{3} \] also näherungsweise \[ \beta_n \sim \frac{1}{2} \text{arc sin} \frac{4}{(2n+1)\pi}, \tag{4} \] woher man bei Bedarf aus (1) eine bessere Lösung ableiten kann; für \(n \geqq 6\) gibt (4) die Näherung (2) auf 6 Dezimalen richtig. Analog löst Verf. andere transzendente Gleichungen vom Typus \[ \text{tang } x=x \cdot f(x), \tag{5} \] z. B. \[ \begin{aligned} & f(x)=-1: \qquad \beta_n \sim \frac{1}{2} \text{arc tang} \frac{4}{(2n-1)\pi},\\ & f(x)=\frac{1}{1-x^2}: \; \beta_n \sim \frac{1}{2} \text{arc sin} \frac{2n\pi}{n^2 \pi^2-1},\\ & f(x)=\frac{2}{2-x^2}: \; \beta_n \sim \text{arc sin} \frac{2n\pi}{n^2 \pi^2-2}. \end{aligned} \] Schließlich folgt die Lösung der bekannten Gleichung \[ \mathfrak{Cos} \,x \,\cos \,x=\pm 1 \tag{6} \] nach ähnlicher Methode zu \[ x_n=(n \pm \tfrac{1}{2}\pi)-(-1)^n \left\{ \begin{aligned} & \beta_n\\ & \alpha_n \end{aligned} \right. \] mit \[ {}^{10} \log {\beta_n\atop {\alpha_n}} \sim (2n \pm 1) \cdot 1,3178117+0,3010300+(-1)^n \,M \cdot {\beta_n\atop {\alpha_n}}, \] \[ (M=\text{ Modul der Briggsschen Logarithmen}). \] Die vorhandenen Tabellen der Wurzeln aller dieser Gleichungen werden hiernach geprüft und verschärft.
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