Statistica e induzione. Induction and statistics (Q2778316)

The Italian scientist Corrado Gini (1885--1965) studied law and attended lessons in statistics with great success. He applied it to many fields as economy, demography, genetics, social sciences. He was the founder of the ``Italian School of Statistics'' and of the journals Metron and Genus. He was very productive: 70 books and about 800 papers. In the present volume eleven papers concerning the inductive side of statistics are being selected and reproduced both in Italian and in English. Three of them have been reviewed in this journal (Zbl 0036.08403, Zbl 0036.08501, and Zbl 0036.09106). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEIn the bilingual preface by \textit{Italo Scardovi} life and work of Gini are being appreciated. At the end in his paper \textit{Rereading Bernoulli} Gini complains that Bernoulli's book (1713) was only accessible in Latin and since 1899 in German, here the editor should have mentioned that now a translation of the essential part 4 into French (together with the Latin original) was edited by Norbert Meusnier (1987) with annotations (Zbl 0694.01020), another into English by Bing Sung (1966), and into Russian by V. Uspensky (1913) which has been reprinted in J. Bernoulli, On the law of large numbers (in Russian) edited by Yu. V. Prokhorov (1986). NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEThe dangers of statistics are being recorded and the start of a critical reasoning on some of the inferential procedures introduced by the prestigious English school. Gini caused uproar when he pointed out the opportunity of reviewing these methodologies by a Bayesian key. Gini explains his position on statistical inference, and hypothesis testing in particular, extremely clear. The first and the last study of this volume show that his position has remained the same during half a century. NEWLINENEWLINENEWLINEContents: NEWLINENEWLINEConsiderazioni sulle probabilità a posteriori, Metron 15, 133--171 (1949); NEWLINENEWLINEI pericoli della statistica, Atti della I Riunione Scientifica della Societa Italiana di Statistica 1, 1-9 (1939); NEWLINENEWLINEA proposito dei ``testi di significativà'', Atti della VI e VII Riunione Scientifica della S.I.S., Roma (1942); NEWLINENEWLINEI testi di significativà, Atti della VI e VII Riunione Scientifica della S.I.S., Roma, 241--270 (1943); NEWLINENEWLINEIntorno alle base logiche e alla portata gnoseologica del metodo statistico, Statistica 1945-1946, Statistica VI e VII (1945/1946); NEWLINENEWLINERileggendo Bernoulli, Metron 15, 117-132 (1949); NEWLINENEWLINEDel passaggio dall'indice die variabilità di un campione all'indice die variabilità della massa, Metron 16 (1951); NEWLINENEWLINELe medie dei campioni, Metron 15, 13-28 (1949); NEWLINENEWLINECharacteristiche dei più recenti sviluppi della metodologia statistica, Statistica 11, 1 (1951); NEWLINENEWLINEPostilla metodologica contained in `Sulla durate del periodo pre-ovulare e della gestazione dei due sessi', Biometr. Z. 3, Heft 1 (1961); NEWLINENEWLINELe applicazione induttive del calcolo delle probabilità, Rivista di Politica Economica 54, Ser. III, VII, Luglio (1964).