Emmy Noether and algebraic topology (Q797177)

The author describes how Emmy Noether around 1926 discerned in the Poincaré method of Betti numbers and torsion coefficients a formulation in terms of \({\mathbb{Z}}\)-modules, a seemingly innocuous modification with far reaching consequences both for the ulterior evolution of Algebraic Topology and later for the birth of Homological Algebra.