Selected topics in image science (Q799125)

The book proves to be a pertinent and comprehensive review of the state of the art in diagnostic imaging. The 11 contributed papers are signed by experts in the field enlightening the subject matter and suggesting directions for future developments. 2-D plane and 3-D volume image reconstruction algorithms using a complete spherical detection scheme are first reviewed. The attention is focused on a 3-D volume image reconstruction algorithm which is applicable to both human body and large spherical objects. Two different techniques are presented which are geared toward working with the date in the Fourier domain so that the time-consuming backprojection operation, used as a reconstruction technique in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) tomography, can be eliminated. One chapter is devoted to the study of the properties of radiation detectors and CT instrumentation. Another one highlights the design of positron cameras with high sensitivity and good spatial resolution used for positron emission tomography as well as algorithms and correction scheme for data processing. A reasonable limit of the capability of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) to statistically detect lesions in a reliable mode or to measure values of local activities in the presence of major physical parameters effecting SPECT image quality is assessed. One article discusses the type of information present in the energy dependent changes in x-ray attenuation and examples are given of how this information can be extracted and used in digital radiography systems. Two chapters are devoted to problems related to digital subtraction angiography, improving the signal to noise contrast ratio by matched filtering and discussing the progress obtained in the functional analysis of angiograms in the context of the recent developments provided by angiodensitometry. In acoustical imaging, history, principles and limitations are presented, the applications being restricted to systems employed for microscopy, diagnostic medicine and non-destructive evaluation. Another chapter addresses suggestions for improving the resolution and quantitative imaging in ultrasound CT using Galerkin or moment methods. In the final article an attempt is made to integrate image formation in NMR imaging and algorithms associated with it so that a coherent approach to the full understanding of NMR imaging can be realized.