Applied mathematics during the 50 years history of the Mathematical Institute of the Academy of Sciences. (Q851560)

In the mathematical sciences, the first step to improve the situation in Czechoslovakia after World War II was the foundation of the Institute for Mathematics which started its work on March 14, 1947. The main merit for its foundation goes to \textit{Eduard Čech} who also became its director. The Institute for Mathematics was later reorganized and renamed to become the Central Mathematical Institute on July 1, 1950 with about ten full-time researchers. The Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences was established, by an act of October 29, 1952, on January 1, 1953. The Mathematical Institute of the Academy resulted, already on November 11, 1952, from the Central Mathematical Institute, taking over all its tasks, employees and graduate students. Young ambitious researchers around \textit{Ivo Babuška} were aware of the increasing importance of mathematics for other scientific and engineering disciplines, and started to develop applied mathematics as an independent research branch. Besides direct cooperations in industrial projects and joint seminars with engineers and physicists, this effort resulted in the foundation of the journal \textit{Applications of Mathematics} (Apl. Mat.) in 1956 and \textit{I.\ Babuška} became its first editor-in-chief. Nowadays, the profile of the Journal is balanced between numerical mathematics, partial differential equations and modelling, mathematical statistics and applied probability, and differential equations and analysis.