Symmetries and unitary interactions of mass dimension one fermionic dark matter

DOI10.1142/S0217751X16501876zbMATH Open1357.81142arXiv1510.04983OpenAlexW3104420829MaRDI QIDQ2959798

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Publication date: 10 February 2017

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Abstract: The fermionic fields constructed from Elko have several unexpected properties. They satisfy the Klein-Gordon but not the Dirac equation and are of mass dimension one instead of three-half. Starting with the Klein-Gordon Lagrangian, we initiate a careful study of the symmetries and interactions of these fermions and their higher-spin generalisations. We find, although the fermions are of mass dimension one, the four-point fermionic self-interaction violates unitarity at high-energy. Therefore, it cannot be a fundamental interaction of the theory. It follows that for the spin-half fermions, the demand of renormalisability and unitarity forbids four-point interactions and only allows for the Yukawa interaction. For fermions with spin j>1/2, they have no renormalisable or unitary interactions. Since the theory is described by a Klein-Gordon Lagrangian, the interaction generated by the local $U(1)$ gauge symmetry which contains a four-point interaction, is excluded by the demand of renormalisability. In the context of the Standard Model, these properties make the spin-half fermions natural dark matter candidates.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1510.04983

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