Spatial entanglement patterns and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering in Bose-Einstein condensates

DOI10.1126/SCIENCE.AAO1850zbMATH Open1416.81026arXiv1708.02534OpenAlexW2744706164WikidataQ59459833 ScholiaQ59459833MaRDI QIDQ4967572

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Publication date: 3 July 2019

Published in: (Search for Journal in Brave)

Abstract: Many-particle entanglement is a fundamental concept of quantum physics that still presents conceptual challenges. While spin-squeezed and other nonclassical states of atomic ensembles were used to enhance measurement precision in quantum metrology, the notion of entanglement in these systems remained controversial because the correlations between the indistinguishable atoms were witnessed by collective measurements only. Here we use highresolution imaging to directly measure the spin correlations between spatially separated parts of a spin-squeezed Bose-Einstein condensate. We observe entanglement that is strong enough for Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering: we can predict measurement outcomes for non-commuting observables in one spatial region based on a corresponding measurement in another region with an inferred uncertainty product below the Heisenberg relation. This could be exploited for entanglement-enhanced imaging of electromagnetic field distributions and quantum information tasks beyond metrology.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.02534

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