Robustness of ANCOVA in randomized trials with unequal randomization
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Publication:4998732
DOI10.1111/BIOM.13184zbMATH Open1468.62321arXiv1905.08693OpenAlexW2969524959WikidataQ91859861 ScholiaQ91859861MaRDI QIDQ4998732
Author name not available (Why is that?)
Publication date: 9 July 2021
Published in: (Search for Journal in Brave)
Abstract: Randomised trials with continuous outcomes are often analysed using ANCOVA, with adjustment for prognostic baseline covariates. In an article published recently, Wang etal proved that in this setting the model based standard error estimator for the treamtent effect is consistent under outcome model misspecification, provided the probability of randomisation to each treatment is 1/2. In this article, we extend their results allowing for unequal randomisation. These demonstrate that the model based standard error is in general inconsistent when the randomisation probability differs from 1/2. In contrast, the sandwich standard error can provide asymptotically valid inferences under misspecification when randomisation probabilities are not equal, and is therefore recommended when randomisation is unequal.
Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.08693
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