Causality constraints on corrections to Einstein gravity

DOI10.1007/JHEP05(2023)122arXiv2201.06602MaRDI QIDQ6163134

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Publication date: 26 June 2023

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Abstract: We study constraints from causality and unitarity on $2o2$ graviton scattering in four-dimensional weakly-coupled effective field theories. Together, causality and unitarity imply dispersion relations that connect low-energy observables to high-energy data. Using such dispersion relations, we derive two-sided bounds on gravitational Wilson coefficients in terms of the mass $M$ of new higher-spin states. Our bounds imply that gravitational interactions must shut off uniformly in the limit $Go0$, and prove the scaling with $M$ expected from dimensional analysis (up to an infrared logarithm). We speculate that causality, together with the non-observation of gravitationally-coupled higher spin states at colliders, severely restricts modifications to Einstein gravity that could be probed by experiments in the near future.

Full work available at URL: https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.06602

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