Global asymptotic stability of Lotka--Volterra 3-species reaction--diffusion systems with time delays
This paper is concerned with 3-species time-delayed Lotka-Volterra reaction-diffusion systems and their corresponding ordinary differential systems without diffusion; there are considered a two-prey one-predator model, a one-prey two-predator model and a three-species food-chain model. The model with two-prey and one-predator is the following: \[ \begin{gathered} \partial u/\partial t- L_1u= a_1(x) u(1-u- b_1 v-c_1 w- \beta_1 J_2* w- \gamma_1 J_3* w),\\ \partial v/\partial t- L_2v= a_2(x) v(1-v- b_2 u- c_2 w-\beta_2 J_1* u-\gamma_2 J_3* w),\\ \partial w/\partial t- L_3 w= a_3(x) w(1- w+ b_3 u+ c_3 v+\beta_3 J_1* u+\gamma_3 J_2* v)\quad (t> 0, x\in\Omega),\end{gathered} \] with Neumann boundary conditions and initial conditions. In the above system \(u\), \(v\) are the densities of the prey populations, \(w\) is the density of the predator population, \(\Omega\) is a bounded domain in \(\mathbb{R}^n\), \(a_i(x)\) is a positive \(C^\alpha\)-function on \(\overline\Omega= \Omega\cup \partial\Omega\), \(b_i\), \(c_i\), \(\beta_i\), \(\gamma_i\) are nonnegative constants, \(L_i\), \(i= 1,2,3\) are uniformly elliptic operators, the function \(J_i* u_i\), \(i= 1,2,3\), are given either by \(J_i* u_i= u_i(t- r_i, x)\) or by \(J_i* u_i= \int^t_{r_i} J_i(t- s)u_i(s,x) ds\), \(J_i(t)\) is a piecewise continuous function on \([0,\infty)\), \(I_i= [-r_i, 0]\), \(r_i> 0\) is a constant. Some insufficient condition for the existence and global asymptotic stability of a positive solution for each of three model problems are given.
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 1956854
scientific article