Nodal solutions of elliptic equations with critical Sobolev exponents
The eigenvalue problem \(\Delta U=-\lambda U+| U|^{p-1}U\) in \(B=\{| x| <1\}\), \(U\neq 0\), \(U=0\) on \(\partial B\) is considered, where \(p=(N+1)/(N-2)\) and \(x=(x_ 1,...,x_ N)\) and radial solutions of variable sign are investigated. It is shown that for \(4\leq N\leq 6\) and small \(\lambda\), no radial solutions exist. Then the behaviour of the ``eigenvalues'' \(\lambda_ n\) corresponding to a solutions with \(n-1\) zeros are determined as \(| u_ n|_{\infty}\to \infty.\) A surprising phenomenon occurs, the \(\lambda_ n\) tend to well-defined numbers depending on the dimension N. The discussion is based on a subtle analysis of the ordinary differential equation \(y''+t^{-k}f(y)=0\).
scientific article; zbMATH DE number 4150836