Quantized massive-collective gauge fields and anomalous properties in high-\(T_{\mathrm c}\) cuprates (Q1621534)

In the path-integral method, the authors introduce the spin parameter, the Fermi field of a hole, the non-abelian \(\mathrm{SO}(3)\) gauge fields around doped holes as collective modes and the Higgs field in high-\(T_c\) cuprate superconductors. Since the effective interaction between two holes is asymptotic free, they introduce the \(\mathrm{SO}(3)\) Yang-Mills fields mentioned above. After the spontaneous \(\mathrm{SO}(3)\) symmetry breaking, the authors study the effect of the quantized massive-collective gauge fields. They derive the restoration temperature to the symmetry \(\mathrm{SO}(3)\); the spontaneously broken symmetry is restored when the temperature is greater than the restoration temperature. They naturally explain anomalous properties of the pseudogap in high-\(T_c\) cuprate superconductors. They derive the evolution of Fermi arc by temperature increase and by doping increase, and explain the temperature-linear dependence of the electrical resistivity in the strange metal phase. Their formula satisfies both renormalization and unitalization conditions.